Gum Cysts: What You Need to Know About This Common Dental Issue

If you’ve ever noticed a small lump or swelling on your gums, you might be dealing with a gum cyst. These cysts are more common than you think and can range from harmless to needing professional treatment.

In this blog, we’ll explain everything you need to know about gum cysts: what they are, what causes them, how to treat them, and when you should see a dentist.

We’ll also answer some of the most frequently asked questions to give you a clear understanding of this issue.

What is a Gum Cyst?

A gum cyst, sometimes referred to as a cyst on the gum, is a small, fluid-filled sac that can develop in your gum tissue. These cysts can occur at the base of a tooth or along the gumline. They are usually benign (non-cancerous), but they can cause discomfort, swelling, or even infection if left untreated.

Gum cysts can appear as small, round bumps that may feel soft or firm to the touch. They are often painless at first but can become tender or inflamed over time.

What Causes a Gum Cyst?

Several factors can lead to the development of a gum cyst. Some of the most common causes include:

1. Infection or injury: Bacteria entering the gum tissue due to an injury, infection, or poor oral hygiene can result in a cyst forming.
2. Blocked salivary glands: If the ducts of your salivary glands get blocked, a cyst may form in response.
3. Dead or damaged teeth: A tooth that has died or been damaged due to decay or trauma can lead to the formation of a cyst at the root.
4. Impacted teeth: When a tooth doesn’t fully emerge, such as a wisdom tooth, it can sometimes cause a cyst to develop nearby.
5. Dental procedures: In rare cases, complications from dental work can lead to cyst formation.

Understanding the cause of your gum cyst can help your dentist recommend the most appropriate treatment.

Symptoms of a Gum Cyst

Recognising the symptoms of a gum cyst can help you determine when to seek dental care. Common symptoms include:
• A small bump or lump on the gums
• Swelling or inflammation around the area
• Tenderness or discomfort
• Redness around the affected gum tissue
• In some cases, pus or fluid discharge
• A bad taste or bad breath if the cyst becomes infected
If the cyst becomes infected, you might experience more severe pain or swelling. In such cases, it’s best to seek immediate dental care.

Preventing Gum Cysts

While not all gum cysts can be prevented, good oral hygiene can reduce your risk. Here are some tips:
1. Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.
2. Floss daily to remove food particles and plaque.
3. Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings.
4. Avoid trauma to your teeth and gums.
5. Address dental issues promptly, such as decay or infections.
Taking these steps can help keep your gums healthy and reduce the risk of developing a cyst.

Treatment Options for a Gum Cyst

Treatment for a gum cyst depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the cyst. Here are some common treatment options:
1. Monitoring: If the cyst is small and not causing discomfort, your dentist may recommend monitoring it. Sometimes, cysts resolve on their own.
2. Draining the cyst: If the cyst is causing pain or discomfort, your dentist may drain it to relieve pressure and reduce swelling.
3. Root canal treatment: If the cyst is caused by a dead or infected tooth, a root canal may be necessary to remove the infection and save the tooth.
4. Surgical removal: In some cases, the cyst may need to be surgically removed, especially if it’s large or causing significant issues.
5. Antibiotics: If the cyst becomes infected, antibiotics may be prescribed to clear up the infection.

Your dentist will discuss the best course of action based on your specific case.

How is a Gum Cyst Diagnosed?

Your dentist can usually diagnose a gum cyst during a routine dental examination. They may:
1. Examine the affected area visually and by touch.
2. Take an X-ray to determine the size, depth, and exact location of the cyst.
3. In some cases, a biopsy may be done to rule out other conditions.
Early diagnosis is key to preventing complications, so if you notice any unusual lumps or swelling on your gums, don’t ignore it.

In conclusion

A gum cyst can be a minor inconvenience or a sign of a deeper dental issue. Knowing the causes, symptoms, and treatments can help you take the right steps to maintain good oral health. If you suspect you have a cyst on your gum, don’t hesitate to reach out to your dentist. Early intervention is the key to preventing discomfort and complications.

If you have any concerns or need more information, our dental team is here to help you every step of the way. Click here to book a consultation!

Frequently asked questions - Gum cyst